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V8 engine - Wikipedia. This article is about a mechanical engine. For the Java. Script engine, see Chrome V8. Automotive versions usually use a wider, 9.

However, this simple configuration, with a flat- or single- plane crankshaft, has the same secondary dynamic imbalance problems as two straight- 4s, resulting in vibrations in large engine displacements. This results in an engine that is smoother than a V6, while being considerably less expensive than a V1. Most racing V8s continue to use the single plane crankshaft because it allows faster acceleration and more efficient exhaust system designs. He called it the 'Antoinette' after the young daughter of his financial backer. From 1. 90. 4 he installed this engine in a number of competition speedboats and early aircraft.

The aviation pioneer Alberto Santos- Dumont saw one of these boats in C. Its early 2. 4 hp (1. W) at 1. 40. 0 rpm version with only 5. Santos- Dumont ordered a larger and more powerful version from Levavasseur. He changed its dimensions from the original 8. W) with 8. 6 kg (1.

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Wheel & V8 2

Its power- to- weight ratio was not surpassed for 2. Hubert Latham piloted the V8 powered Antoinette IV and Antoinette VII in July 1.

English Channel. Some of these engines found their way into automobiles in small quantities. In 1. 90. 5, Darracq built a special car to beat the world speed record. They came up with two racing car engines built on a common crankcase and camshaft. The result was monstrous engine with a displacement of 1,5. W). Victor Hemery fixed that record on 3.

December 1. 90. 5 with a speed of 1. This car still exists. Rolls- Royce built a 3,5. V8 car from 1. 90. Rolls- Royce reverted to a straight- 6 design. In 1. 90. 7 The Hewitt Motor Company built a large 5 passenger Touring Car.

It was equipped with a hefty V8 engine that developed 5. The Hewitt was the first American Automobile to be equipped with a V8 engine. It was produced only in small quantities, but inspired a number of manufacturers to follow suit. Cadillac has been primarily a V8 company ever since. Oldsmobile, another division of General Motors, introduced its own 4 L (2. V8 engine in 1. 91. Chevrolet introduced a 2.

L) V8 engine in 1. Chevrolet Series D. In February 1. 91. Swiss automotive engineer Marc Birkigt designed the first example of the famous Hispano- Suiza V8 single overhead cam aviation engines, in differing displacements, using dual ignition systems and in power levels from 1.

V8 aviation engines are said to have powered roughly half of all Allied aircraft of the WW I era. By 1. 93. 2, Henry Ford introduced one of his last great personal engineering triumphs: his . The production was the largest commercially available V8 to the masses. Offered as an option to an improved 4- cylinder Model . The Ford flathead V8 is still heralded today as one of the first pioneers in 'hot rod' engines. This configuration features a wide, low engine with optimal firing and vibration characteristics. Many V6 and V1. 0 engine configurations are derived from production V8 designs, so they often use the 9.

V8s can use different angles. One notable example is the Ford/Yamaha V8 used in the Ford Taurus. SHO. It was based on Ford's Duratec V6 and shares that engine's 6. A similar Yamaha- built engine was used by Volvo Cars between 2. These engines were designed for transverse front- wheel- drive installation and are narrower than usual for efficient use of space. Because they are not at the ideal 9. The 1. 93. 2 Miller four- wheel drive race cars also featured a 4.

This created an engine that was shorter than a straight- 6, but much narrower than a conventional V8. It was based on a Lancia V4 engine design that was almost completely . Because of their compact design and overhead camshafts, these engines were lighter and more powerful than comparable engines of the time. As they always move two pistons together, the secondary vibration is twice as strong (and half as frequent) as cross- plane, unless balance shafts are used, with a counter rotating pair flanking the crankshaft transverse to the crankshaft centreline. As it has nearly perfect plane balance. The crankshaft with less mass and thus inertia allows quicker revving up and down, in addition to the firing being LRLRLRLR or RLRLRLRL with regular overall and per- bank pulse spacings for uniform combustion without requiring a complicated exhaust system.

The design was popularized in modern racing by the Coventry Climax FWMV 1. L (9. 2 cu in) V8 that evolved from a cross- plane to a flat- plane configuration (with longer conrods). Flat- plane V8s on road cars come from Ferrari (every V8 model they have ever made, from the 1. GT4, to the new 4. Lotus (the Esprit V8), TVR (the Speed Eight), Porsche 9.

Spyder, Mc. Laren (the MP4- 1. C), as well as Ford (the Mustang Shelby GT3. This design is popular in racing engines, the most famous example being the Cosworth DFV. The first and last of the four crank pins are at 1. The cross- plane have half as strong (and twice as frequent) secondary vibration than flat- plane, but requires heavy counterweights on the crankshaft to counter Rocking Vibration caused by plane imbalances (See Engine balance for details). With the Secondary Vibration advantage, the cross- plane V8 can be scaled up to large displacements without causing destructive vibration.

However, the use of heavy counterweights makes the cross- plane V8 a slow- revving engine that cannot speed up or slow down quickly compared to flat- plane because of the greater rotating mass. While the firing of the cross- plane V8 is evenly spaced overall, the firings on the 'L'eft and 'R'ight banks are LRLLRLRR or RLRRLRLL, resulting in uneven intake and exhaust pulse spacing for each bank. In stock cars with exhaust manifolds merging four exhaust ports into one exit, this results in uneven filling/scavenging of intake/exhaust gas in the cylinders (that prevents combustion to be uniform across cylinders) causing the typical V8 burble sound that many people have come to associate with American V8s. In all- out racing cars it leads to the need to connect exhaust pipes between the two banks to design an optimal exhaust system, resulting in the long exhaust pipes that resemble a bundle of snakes as in the Ford GT4. This complex and encumbering exhaust system has been a major problem for single- seater racing car designers, so they tended to use stub exhaust pipes in the 1. V angle as on the 4. L (2. 56 cu in) Ford Indy engine in Lotus 3.

The cross- plane approach was neither obvious nor simple to design. For this reason, most early V8 engines, including those from De Dion- Bouton, Peerless, and Cadillac, were flat- plane. The advance to a cross- plane was proposed at an automotive engineering conference in the United States in 1. Cadillac and Peerless (who had hired an ex- Cadillac mathematician for the job) applied for a patent on the cross- plane simultaneously, and the two agreed to share the idea. Cadillac introduced their . V8 engines are rarely less than 3. L (1. 83 cu in) in displacement and in automobile use have exceeded 8.

L (5. 00 cu in) in production vehicles, such as the early 1. Cadillac Eldorado. In some applications, e.

Many car manufacturers offer a V8 as an option in vehicles which have a V6 or straight- 6 as standard engine, often casting it as a symbol of exclusivity and prestige. In some cases, V6 engines are derived from V8 designs by removing two cylinders while maintaining the same V- angle so they can be built on the same assembly lines as the V8s and installed in the same engine compartments with few modifications. Some of these employ offset crankpins driving connecting rod pairs, enabling a regular firing sequence. The traditional 9. The shorter and occasionally narrower V6 engine is easier to fit in small engine compartments, but a few compact V8 engines are used in transverse FWD and transverse AWD engine configurations in larger cars, such as Cadillacs and Volvos.

These engines often have tighter cylinder bore spacings, narrower cylinder bank angles, and other modifications to reduce their space requirements. They usually have flat- plane crankshafts, since a crossplane crankshaft results in uneven firing into the exhaust manifolds which interferes with engine tuning, and the crossplane's heavy crankshaft counterweights can prevent the engine from accelerating rapidly. However, due to the inherent vibration that's found in flat plane V8s, most large displacement V8s, even in motorsports, are cross- plane, including those found in NASCAR and Top Fuel. Medium- weight trucks tend to use the straight- 6 configuration since it is simpler and easier to maintain, and because the straight- 6 is an inherently balanced layout which can be scaled up to any size necessary. Large V8s are found in the larger truck and industrial equipment lines. Although it was the early choice for aircraft engines, the V8 engine is seldom used in modern aircraft engine as the typically heavy crankshaft counterweights are a liability.

Modern light planes commonly use the flat- 8 configuration instead as it is lighter and easier to air cool. In addition it can be manufactured in modular designs sharing components with flat- 4 and flat- 6 engines. One of the few V8 engines used for aircraft propulsion in the World War II years was the German inverted V8 configuration, air- cooled Argus As 1. Automobile. It was a sophisticated unit with cast iron paired closed- head cylinders bolted to an aluminium crankcase, and it used a flat- plane crankshaft. Peerless followed the next year, introducing a V8 licensed from amusement park manufacturer, Herschell- Spillman.

By 1. 91. 7 Chevrolet had also designed a V8 engine which it began mass- producing, advanced in its design the engine had a central camshaft operating vertical overhead valves in each cylinder bank. The engine design used a counterweighted crankshaft, and detachable crossflow cylinder head, displacing 2.

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